Offal-drier



.2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. P. GUBBINS.

. Offavl Drier."

No. 230,128. Patented July 20,1880.

WITNEBBM zwzw umrrus. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C-

2 Sheets-@Sheet 2. J. F. GUBB'INS.

. Offal Drier. I I No. 230,128. I Patented July 20,1880.

Fig-3 Ma u- '1 UNITED STATES Eric.

ATENT OFFAL-DRIER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 230,128, dated July 20,1880,

Application filed February 17, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. GUBBINs, of Chicago, State of Illinois, haveinvented certain Improvements in Offal-Driers, which are described inthe specification and claims as follows:

' My invention relates to apparatus for dryin g offal and removing odorsand vapors therefrom; and it consists in constructing the same with aseries of communicating chambers or compartments, each surrounded by asteam space and provided with a stirring device; in providing anexhaust-spout to remove the vapors and odors from the several chambers;in providing a hot-air pipe having branches for the several chambers orcompartments to deliver the heated air to the same; in a series of teethor prongs acting in conjunction with the stirrer of the first chamber tobreak up or loosen compacted masses or large pieces of material; and inother details, hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a face elevation of myimproved apparatus; Fig. 2, a top-plan view of the same; Fig. 3,avertical central section thereof; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6, horizontalsections taken, respectively, on the lines as 00, y y, and z z of Fig.3.

The apparatus consists, primarily, of two concentric upright cylindersplaced one within the other, and of such relative diameters and soplaced in reference to each other that an annular space is left betweenthe two from top to bottom, and a like space is left between the bottomsof the two cylinders, the inner cylinder being divided by means ofdouble-walled diaphragms into a series of chambers or compartments,through which the material travels successively, entering at the top anddischarging at the bottom.

Within the casing or body is placed a central vertical shaft carrying aseries of horizontal spider-frames, one for each chamber or compartment,the arms of which frames are provided with blades which serve to workthe material under treatment and give it its proper direction in passingthrough the machine.

The first compartment or chamber has its floor furnished with a seriesof spikes or teeth,

which tend to hold thelargcr pieces or masses of materialunder treatmentwhile the arms of the carrier or stirrer tear apart or separate thesame. A hot-airpipe having a branch to enter each chamber, and havingthat portion within the chamber perforated, is provided to assist in thedrying operation; and an exhaust trunk or pipe, likewise provided with abranch for each chamber, removes the vapor andodors from each. Thisconstruction, which will be presently described in detail, insures theseparation of the larger masses, lumps, or particles of material undertreatment, exposes every particle to the action of the heated air andthe exhaust draft, prevents the baking of the material in large lumps,from which the vapors and odors cannot be removed, and greatly expeditesthe action of the apparatus.

Referring now to the drawings, A represents an exterior cylinder orcasing, and B an interior cylinder, concentric with but of smallerdiameter than the first, within which it is placed, as indicated in Fig.3, leaving an a11- nular space, S, between the walls of the two. Thebottom of the interior cylinder is supported or held slightly above thebottom of the exterior cylinder, as also shown in Fig. 3, forming acontinuation of the space S between them.

In practice I stop the outer cylinder or casing a shortdistance belowthe top of the inner one, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, closing the spacebetween the two at the top by means of an annular head of wood or othersuitable material, as shown.

At suitable points within the cylinder 13, I

form or secure horizontal (liaphragms or par-- titions D D D, eachconsisting of two plates or walls, d and cl, separated by a steam-space,S, communicating with the annular steam space S, as shown in Fig. 3.

From the above it will be seen that the steam which enters thesteam-jacket, either at the top or bottom, through a pipe, 70, is freeto pass into the spaces S of the diaphragms, and that as a consequencethe chambers or compartments B B 13, formed by the introduction of thediaphragms, are completely surrounded by steam, or practically so,andhence the materialv treated in the chambers will be most effectuallyand thoroughly heated. i.

F represents a central vertical shaft, which extends through the severalchambers, is carried in a step or bearin g block, f, at its lower end,and terminates at its upper end within the upper end or dome, C, of thecylinder B, where it is furnished with a bevel-pinion, M, meshing with asecond pinion, M, secured upon the shaft m of a horizontal spiralconveyer, N, by which latter the material to be treated is deliveredfrom the supply-hopper 0 into the dome or chamber 0. In order that thegearing M M may not become clogged or fouled by the material within thedome O the gearing is incased by a box or shield, as shown in Figs. 2and 3, open at the top to permit of access to the gear. Upon the shaftF, within each of the several chambers, is secured a hub or boss, Q,provided with a series of arms, R, arranged either at an angle to theradii, or radially, as preferred, and these arms are, in turn, providedwith depending blades 1', as shown, the blades being inclined in one oranother direction, as hereinafter explained.

L, L, L, and L represent openings or passages through the severaldiaphragms and the bottom, which, as shown in Fig. 3, are locatedalternately near the center and near the circumference of thediaphragms, the object being to cause the material in passing throughthe machine to take a corresponding course. The blades 1, which arecaused by the rotation of the shaft to travel all in one direction, areplaced at one inclination on the arms of the first spider and at areverse inclination on the next, and so on, alternating throughout themachine, to correspond with the location of the discharge passages oropenings.

The shaft F is furnished, at a point below the bottom of the body orcasin g A, with abevelgear wheel, I, meshing with a bevel-pinion, I,secured upon the driving-shaft 'i, which latter is furnished with theusual fast and loose pulleys, and the rotation of which imparts motionto the shafts F and m, with their attendant parts, as above described.

Y represents a hot-air supply-pipe, which in actual operation willcommunicate with a suitable furnace, and which is furnished with aseries of arms or branches, y, one for each chamber or compartment, thearms or branches within the chambers being perforated to permit theheated air to come into direct contact with the material operated upon.

V represents an exhaust pipe or trunk provided with a series ofbranches, 1, of which one enters each chamber, serving to withdraw thevapors and odors therefrom, a fan or pump being connected with theexhaust trunk or spout, and discharging the vapors and odors, inpractice, into a deodorizing apparatus. Each branch Z is furnished witha valve, z, by which to control the exhaust of each compartment orchamber.

In order to facilitate the cleaning and repair of the interior of theapparatus a man-hole provided with a lid or door, U, is provided foreach chamber or compartment,openin g through the walls of the twocylinders, as shown in Figs. 3, 5, and 6, and having the space betweenthe cylinders closed around their sides by casings K, to prevent escapeof steam from the steam-jacket to the interior. To enable the attendantto inspect the material in each chamber while under treatment, each dooror lid U is furnished with a smaller opening closed by a door or cover,u, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

By reference to Figs. 2 and 3 it will be seen that the dome or chamber 0is formed with a hollow or double floor, J, to prevent all possibilityof leakage, and that said floor is armed with a series ofupwardly-projecting prongs or teeth, T, which serve to hold the largerpieces or masses of material, while the teeth or blades of the spider Rtear apart or reduce the same; that a collar or ring of wood or othersuitable material is inserted between the two walls d d of eachdiaphragm at the center, to prevent the steam from entering the interiorof the cylinder B, the collars G and H being made to fit closely aroundthe shaft F, to steady and support the same, and that the lower plate orwall of each diaphragm is inclined slightly downward toward thecircumference, to prevent the accumulation of water of condensationthereon, the latter gravitating to and being discharged at the bottom ofthe machine.

The materials to be operated upon (consisting of refuse matter fromslaughter-houses, rendering-tanks, and like places, or of such othersubstances as it may be desired to treat,) are placed in the hopper O ofthe machine constructed as above, conveyed into the dome O, and se)arated or reduced, and then worked in and out over the successivediaphragms, subject to the heat of the surrounding steam and of the jetsof heated air, the vapors and odors being at the same time drawn off bythe ex haust fan or pump, andthe finished material is delivered throughthe spout L.

It will be seenfrom the above description and the drawings that thechambers or conipartments are closed with the exception of the passagesfor the entrance and discharge of material, the hot-air inlets, and theexhaust-openings. This arrangement is important in that the material isthereby protected against the moisture of the steam, and for the furtherreason that the exhaust produces an inward draft of air through thesupply and discharge openings when the machine is thus constructed,thereby preventing the escape of vapors and odors from the machine tothe open air.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. Theherein-described drier consisting of the double-walledbodyandhollowdiaphragms, the central shaft, F, armed with stirrers R 1',exhaust-pipe V, hot-air pipe Y, and steam-pipe K.

2. In a drier, the combination of the cylinders A B and thedouble-walled diaphragms, as shown, whereby the cylinder is divided intocompartments, each surrounded, on its top, 4. In a drier, thefalse-floor J, armed with bottom, and sides, by a steam-space, as setteeth or prongs T, in combination with the 10 forth. rotating arms R,having scrapers a", substan- 3. In combination with the cylinder or bodytially as shown and described.

5 having a series of compartments and the steam- JOHN F. GUBBINS.

space S S, the exhaust-spout V and hot-air Witnesses: pipe Y, eachcommunicating with the interior J. O. WILGKE,

of the several chambers. HENRY KRAUEL.

